Robotic Knee Replacement with Mako SmartRobotics

When people hear the words “robotic surgery”, there’s often a moment of uncertainty. Does a robot perform the operation? Is it experimental? Will I be a guinea pig for new technology? These are fair questions, and the short answer is: no, no, and definitely not.

Robotic-assisted knee replacement using the Mako SmartRobotics system is a well-established technology that has been used in orthopaedic surgery worldwide for many years. The surgeon is very much in control throughout. What the robotic system adds is a layer of precision and real-time guidance that helps the surgeon execute the pre-planned procedure with greater consistency.

Total Knee Replacement | Dr David Kitchen | Orthopaedic Surgeon Adelaide | Hip & Knee Surgeon

How does Mako SmartRobotics work?

Before your operation, a CT scan is taken of your knee. This is used to build a detailed three-dimensional model of your unique anatomy. Using that model, your surgeon plans the procedure ahead of time: deciding on the exact positioning and sizing of the implant components before you ever enter the operating theatre.

During surgery, the Mako system tracks the position of your joint in real time and provides haptic feedback, essentially a physical resistance, to help keep the surgical instruments within the pre-planned boundaries. The surgeon makes all the decisions and controls all the movements. The robotic arm is a precision tool, not an autonomous operator.

What are the potential benefits?

Accurate implant positioning matters. A knee replacement that is correctly aligned and appropriately balanced tends to feel more natural and function better than one that is slightly off. Research into robotic-assisted knee replacement has shown promising results in several areas:

  • More consistent implant positioning compared to conventional instrumentation
  • Reduced risk of outliers, meaning patients whose implant placement falls outside ideal parameters
  • Potential for improved patient-reported outcomes in terms of knee feel and function
  • Preservation of healthy bone, since the robotic system helps the surgeon remove only what is necessary

It is important to be realistic. Robotic assistance is a tool that supports surgical precision. It does not eliminate all risks associated with joint replacement, and outcomes will still vary based on individual factors including overall health, the extent of arthritis, adherence to rehabilitation, and other considerations.

Is robotic surgery suitable for everyone?

Mako robotic surgery is available for both total and partial (unicompartmental) knee replacement. Not every patient will be a candidate, and the decision depends on your anatomy, the nature and extent of your arthritis, and other clinical factors. Dr Kitchen will assess your suitability at your consultation.

What is recovery like?

Recovery from robotic-assisted knee replacement follows a similar pathway to conventional knee replacement. Most patients spend a few days in hospital and begin physiotherapy quickly. Walking with assistance usually begins within a day of surgery. The early weeks are focused on managing swelling, restoring range of motion, and gradually building strength.

Most people return to driving within four to six weeks and to most daily activities within six to twelve weeks, though this varies from person to person. A return to higher-demand activities takes longer and will be guided by your surgeon and physiotherapist.

Seeing Dr Kitchen

Dr David Kitchen performs Mako robotic-assisted hip and knee arthroplasty at Stepney Healthcare Hub in Adelaide. He will discuss whether robotic surgery is appropriate for you as part of your consultation. A GP referral is needed to arrange an appointment.

Interested in learning whether robotic knee replacement is right for you? Ask your GP for a referral to Dr David Kitchen, or call 8130 1228.

* This article provides general information only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Dr David Kitchen (MED0001951664), MBBS MA (Cantab) BA Hons PhD FRACS FAOrthA, is an Orthopaedic Specialist Surgeon in Adelaide, Australia. Any surgical or invasive procedure carries risks. Individual results, recovery timeframes and suitability for treatment vary. Always seek advice from your GP, specialist or qualified health professional about your own medical condition.